What is Malnutrition primarily caused by?

Malnutrition is primarily caused by deprivation of protein-energy, which refers to a deficiency in essential nutrients, particularly proteins and calories. This condition occurs when individuals do not consume enough energy-dense foods or nutrients necessary for maintaining the body's functions, growth, and immune response. It can lead to various health issues, including stunted growth in children, muscle wasting, and impaired immune function.

While vitamin deficiencies, excessive fat intake, and inadequate hydration can contribute to various health problems, they are typically considered secondary causes or specific types of malnutrition rather than the primary cause. The core issue of malnutrition lies in inadequate overall nutrient intake, especially proteins and energy, which support all bodily functions. Ensuring proper energy and nutrient consumption is vital for preventing malnutrition and its adverse effects on health.