What describes hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids are characterized as varicose dilations in the anal canal. This condition occurs when the blood vessels in the lower rectum or anus become swollen and inflamed. Such dilations can lead to discomfort, pain, and bleeding, particularly during bowel movements. Hemorrhoids can be categorized into two types: internal and external, depending on their location relative to the anal sphincter. Understanding this condition is crucial for recognizing its symptoms and potential treatments, as well as differentiating it from other gastrointestinal issues.

The other options refer to different medical conditions: inflammation of the liver pertains to hepatitis, painful swelling in the abdominal cavity might relate to conditions such as pancreatitis or peritonitis, and malabsorption of nutrients primarily involves disorders like celiac disease or Crohn's disease. Each of these conditions has distinct pathophysiological mechanisms that do not align with the definition or characteristics of hemorrhoids.